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Stair Tread Grating Types and How to Specify Them

By DONGFU GRATING Engineering Team · Published 2026-06-24 · Updated 2026-07-17

A grating stair tread is a grating panel prepared for stairs: an anti-slip nosing along the front edge for grip and step definition, plus carrier end plates or angles for fixing to stringers. Industry catalogs group the common combinations into four types: T1 welded fixing without nosing, T2 bolted fixing without nosing, T3 welded fixing with checkered-plate nosing, and T4 bolted fixing with checkered-plate nosing — welded types for permanent stairs, bolted types where treads must be removable. Nosing choice follows the environment: checkered plate is the economical standard, while abrasive or serrated nosing adds grip outdoors and in oily plants. The grating itself is plain or serrated, with bar size matched to tread length and load. To order, provide tread width (walking depth), tread length between stringers, end-plate hole centers matched to the stringer holes, surface, finish and quantity per flight — or simply send the stair drawing, which removes ambiguity and speeds up quotation.

Anatomy of a grating stair tread

Every tread combines four elements: the grating panel itself, a nosing welded along the front edge, end plates (carrier plates) or carrier angles at both sides, and the fixing — welds or bolts through pre-punched holes. Each element has options, and the type codes below describe the most common combinations.

  • Grating panel: welded bar grating, plain or serrated surface
  • Nosing: checkered plate, abrasive or serrated bar nosing on the leading edge
  • End plates / carrier angles: connect the tread to the stringer
  • Fixing: welded (permanent) or bolted (removable), round or slotted holes

The four common types

Type codes T1–T4 are common industry shorthand; conventions can vary by supplier, so drawings always take precedence over type numbers.

Type Fixing Nosing Best for
T1 Welded to stringersNonePermanent industrial stairs, lowest cost
T2 Bolted end platesNoneRemovable treads where nosing is not required
T3 Welded to stringersCheckered plate nosingPermanent stairs with a defined, anti-slip step edge
T4 Bolted end platesCheckered plate nosingRemovable treads with nosing — the most common project choice

Nosing options in detail

  • Checkered plate nosing: the economical standard — a visible step edge with good grip
  • Abrasive nosing: maximum grip for outdoor, marine and oily environments
  • Serrated bar nosing: teeth across the leading edge, often paired with serrated grating
  • No nosing (T1 / T2): acceptable where project rules do not require a step-edge feature — confirm against your safety specification

Dimensions to provide

Treads fail on dimensions, not on steel. These fields make treads fit first time:

Field How to measure or state it
Tread width (walking depth) Front of nosing to back edge — 215 to 305 mm is common
Tread length Clear distance between stringers — this is the grating span direction
End-plate hole centers Hole spacing and edge distances, or the stringer drawing
Hole type Round or slotted — slotted absorbs site tolerance
Grating specification Bar size and spacing, or the load requirement for us to match
Surface and finish Plain or serrated; hot-dip galvanized, painted, or stainless grade
Quantity Pieces per flight and number of flights

Common Mistakes to Avoid

  • Measuring tread length over the stringers instead of the clear distance between them
  • Forgetting hole centers, so bolted treads arrive not matching the stringer holes
  • Choosing plain-surface treads without nosing for outdoor stairs
  • Assuming type codes are universal — T1–T4 conventions vary by supplier; confirm with drawings
  • Ordering treads without stating the grating surface and finish

FAQ

Questions About This Topic

What are T1–T4 stair tread types?
Industry shorthand combining fixing and nosing: T1 welded without nosing, T2 bolted without nosing, T3 welded with checkered nosing, T4 bolted with checkered nosing. We manufacture to type numbers or to your drawings.
How do I match treads to existing stringers?
Measure the clear length between stringers and the existing hole centers; send photos and dimensions and we will match the end plates and hole pattern.
Which nosing for outdoor stairs?
Abrasive or serrated nosing keeps grip in rain and light ice; checkered plate suits sheltered stairs.
Welded or bolted fixing?
Welded is permanent and economical; bolted (T2 / T4) allows removal for maintenance and absorbs site tolerance with slotted holes. Most projects choose bolted.
What grating specification do treads use?
Bar size is matched to tread length and expected load — pedestrian treads commonly use modest sections, but the section is confirmed per tread length and support detail.

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